GetSolarCalc
Independent Source-cited No lead capture Data period · 2025 · confirmed September 2026

Free Solar Panel Calculator for US Homeowners

Estimate solar panel cost, payback period, and 25-year savings using EIA rates, NREL solar data, and current IRS guidance.

Data from U.S. EIA · NREL · IRS §25D · DSIRE® · Berkeley Lab
Calculator

Your four-input estimate.

Estimate a state-average solar planning baseline from published electricity-rate and solar-resource data. Not an installer quote, engineering assessment, tax determination or utility-specific savings forecast.

1 ZIP
2 Bill
3 Roof
4 Sun

Used only to look up your state's 2025 EIA residential average rate and peak sun hours. We do not look up your utility or your tariff.

$

We divide this by the state 2025 statewide residential average to estimate annual kWh.

Roof type
Sunlight exposure
No login. No email. Your bill and ZIP are discarded after the response is returned, never stored, and never sent to analytics — though a record that you accepted the disclaimer is kept for 30 days. What we collect.

Your numbers will appear here.

Fill in the four fields above and we'll show payback, net cost, and a 25-year savings curve.

Will show
Payback period (years)
Will show
25-year net profit
The math

No black box. The full calculation in four steps.

Every formula and constant is published, sourced, and re-derivable in a spreadsheet.

01

Convert your bill to energy use

monthly_bill ÷ state_rate × 12 = annual kWh

A $180 bill at California's $0.31/kWh implies ~6,968 kWh/year — consistent with EIA's 6,500 kWh CA average.

02

Size the system from sun hours

annual_kWh ÷ (sun × 365 × 0.80)

The 0.80 is the industry "performance ratio" — losses from inverter, wiring, temperature, and soiling, per NREL PVWatts.

03

Apply national install cost

system_kW × $2,980 × roof_factor

Berkeley Lab Tracking the Sun 2025: the median price cash purchasers actually paid, across 18,361 systems. Not a quote average — transactions.

04

Apply current federal-credit status

gross_cost × 0%

IRS guidance says the Section 25D Residential Clean Energy Credit is not available for new expenditures after December 31, 2025.

Why us

A reference, not a sales pitch.

Most "free solar calculators" exist to capture your contact details for installer leads. This one doesn't.

Editorial principle

No leads. No commissions. No "best installer" rankings.

We don't capture your email or sell anything you type. There are no advertising or lead-generation trackers. Google Analytics is the one third-party script here and it does not load unless you allow it — see privacy. The only future revenue source is non-targeted display advertising via Google AdSense — and only after we earn a real audience.

0
Lead forms
4
Inputs
No ad or
lead trackers
Analytics opt-in

Every number cited.

EIA, NREL, IRS, DSIRE. No proprietary "secret sauce".

Code is public.

Audit our math line by line. CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

25-year projection, year by year.

Most calculators give you a single payback number. Ours shows the full cumulative-savings curve, with electricity inflation and panel degradation modeled explicitly, so you can see what year three actually looks like.

Versioned changelog.

Every constant change is dated and explained.

Transparency

What we collect — and what we don't.

A complete inventory of every data point that touches our server when you run a calculation.

We collect
  • ZIP code — Used only to look up state-level rate & sun-hour averages, then discarded.
  • Monthly bill (USD) — Used to compute annual kWh, then discarded.
  • Roof type — Cost multiplier (shingle, metal, tile).
  • Sunlight exposure — Modifier on sun hours (low, average, high).
  • Standard server logs — IP, user-agent, timestamp — 30-day retention, abuse prevention only.
Never collected
  • Name, email, phone, street address — no field exists.
  • Account creation, login, or persistent identifier.
  • Third-party tracking cookies or marketing pixels.
  • Geolocation beyond the ZIP you voluntarily type.
  • Lead sales or installer referral arrangements.
Audience

Built for the homeowner doing real due diligence.

Sanity-checking an installer quote

You've received one or more bids and want a defensible independent baseline for cost-per-watt and payback.

Comparing financing scenarios

Cash, solar loan, or PPA — the 25-year cumulative curve is the right denominator. We show it explicitly.

Researchers and students

Energy-economics students, policy analysts, and journalists who want a source-cited baseline for US residential solar.

FAQ

Common questions, taken seriously.

The questions a knowledgeable reader actually asks.

Why does this estimate differ from my installer's quote?

Quotes reflect a specific equipment package (panel and inverter brand, racking, monitoring, warranties), permitting fees, sales commissions, and financing markup. Our number is a market-average baseline — not a quote. A reasonable rule of thumb: if a quote is more than 20% above our estimate, ask for an itemized breakdown of why.

How accurate is the payback period?

This calculator provides a state-average planning baseline, not a validated prediction for a specific property. Actual results can vary materially with utility tariffs, export compensation, roof conditions, installed price, financing and household consumption patterns. We have not had the model independently validated against metered outcomes, so we do not publish an accuracy range — any figure we quoted would be an assertion rather than a measurement.

Is the federal solar tax credit still available?

For new residential clean-energy expenditures after December 31, 2025, current IRS guidance says the Section 25D credit is not available. Older qualifying installations may still have carryforward issues, but new 2026 installations should not assume a 30% federal credit. Confirm eligibility with a CPA before signing a contract.

Why don't you include state and utility rebates?

They vary wildly by utility, change frequently, and frequently have capped budgets that exhaust mid-year. We show state-level incentives separately on each state page (drawn from DSIRE) so you can read program details and contact administering agencies directly. Bundling them into a single number gives false precision.

Does the projection assume net metering?

It depends on the state, and every result says which case applies. Where retail net metering is intact, the projection credits exported energy at the retail rate. Where a state has replaced that and publishes an export rate we can apply, we apply it and show a range instead of a single figure. Where a state has replaced it but no single export rate exists — an hourly avoided-cost schedule, a rate set separately by each utility, or no statewide rule at all — the projection still assumes full retail credit, and the result is labelled a best-case ceiling rather than an estimate. We do not publish a number of years to add in those states, because the correction differs by utility and tariff and we have no basis for a single figure.

What about batteries?

Storage materially changes the economics — especially under NEM 3.0 and in markets with TOU rates or frequent outages. We deliberately exclude storage from the base calculator because the decision is highly location- and use-case-specific. A future release will add an optional battery module.
Intellectual honesty

What this calculator is not.

A generalised, four-input model cannot reproduce the precision of a site-specific engineering study. These are explicitly outside our scope:

Roof orientation, tilt, and per-module shading
Time-of-use, tiered, and demand-charge rates
Battery storage sizing and arbitrage value
Specific equipment selection (panel make / inverter)
Local permitting, interconnection, and HOA fees
State-specific NEM 3.0 export compensation
Financing terms (loan APR, dealer fees, PPA escalators)
Insurance and re-roof timing implications

For any of these, the right next step is a licensed installer's site assessment plus an independent review against your utility's tariff sheet.

By state

Browse solar calculators by state.

Every state guide links local electricity rates, peak sun hours, incentive notes, and the calculator workflow.

Compare all 51 by payback
AL
Alabama
$0.16/kWh · 4.6h sun
AK
Alaska
$0.26/kWh · 3.0h sun
AZ
Arizona
$0.15/kWh · 6.5h sun
AR
Arkansas
$0.13/kWh · 4.7h sun
CA
California
$0.33/kWh · 5.8h sun
CO
Colorado
$0.16/kWh · 5.5h sun
CT
Connecticut
$0.29/kWh · 4.2h sun
DE
Delaware
$0.17/kWh · 4.3h sun
FL
Florida
$0.15/kWh · 5.5h sun
GA
Georgia
$0.15/kWh · 4.9h sun
HI
Hawaii
$0.41/kWh · 6.0h sun
ID
Idaho
$0.12/kWh · 4.9h sun
IL
Illinois
$0.18/kWh · 4.2h sun
IN
Indiana
$0.16/kWh · 4.3h sun
IA
Iowa
$0.14/kWh · 4.4h sun
KS
Kansas
$0.15/kWh · 5.0h sun
KY
Kentucky
$0.13/kWh · 4.4h sun
LA
Louisiana
$0.13/kWh · 4.9h sun
ME
Maine
$0.28/kWh · 4.1h sun
MD
Maryland
$0.19/kWh · 4.3h sun
MA
Massachusetts
$0.30/kWh · 4.3h sun
MI
Michigan
$0.20/kWh · 4.0h sun
MN
Minnesota
$0.16/kWh · 4.4h sun
MS
Mississippi
$0.14/kWh · 4.8h sun
MO
Missouri
$0.13/kWh · 4.7h sun
MT
Montana
$0.13/kWh · 4.7h sun
NE
Nebraska
$0.12/kWh · 4.8h sun
NV
Nevada
$0.13/kWh · 6.4h sun
NH
New Hampshire
$0.25/kWh · 4.2h sun
NJ
New Jersey
$0.23/kWh · 4.3h sun
NM
New Mexico
$0.15/kWh · 6.5h sun
NY
New York
$0.26/kWh · 4.0h sun
NC
North Carolina
$0.14/kWh · 4.7h sun
ND
North Dakota
$0.12/kWh · 4.4h sun
OH
Ohio
$0.17/kWh · 4.0h sun
OK
Oklahoma
$0.13/kWh · 5.1h sun
OR
Oregon
$0.15/kWh · 3.9h sun
PA
Pennsylvania
$0.19/kWh · 4.1h sun
RI
Rhode Island
$0.29/kWh · 4.3h sun
SC
South Carolina
$0.15/kWh · 4.7h sun
SD
South Dakota
$0.13/kWh · 4.6h sun
TN
Tennessee
$0.13/kWh · 4.6h sun
TX
Texas
$0.15/kWh · 5.3h sun
UT
Utah
$0.13/kWh · 5.8h sun
VT
Vermont
$0.23/kWh · 4.1h sun
VA
Virginia
$0.15/kWh · 4.5h sun
WA
Washington
$0.13/kWh · 3.8h sun
WV
West Virginia
$0.15/kWh · 4.2h sun
WI
Wisconsin
$0.18/kWh · 4.2h sun
WY
Wyoming
$0.13/kWh · 5.1h sun
DC
D.C.
$0.22/kWh · 4.3h sun
Independent · Source-cited

Try the calculator yourself.

Four inputs. Sixty seconds. Every number traceable to a public source.